Marshall Islands Dose Assessment and Radioecology Program
Privacy & Legal Notice Privacy & Legal Notice
Large Scale Remediation Studies Environmental Characterization & Monitoring Individual Radiological Surveillance Programs Resettlement Support Activities Technical Cooperation & Training Large Scale Remediation Studies


Selected Bibliography

Bell, R.T., D. Hickman, L. Yamaguchi, W. Jackson, and T. Hamilton (2002). A whole body counting facility in a remote Enewetak Island Setting, The Radiation Safety Journal, 83 (suppl. 1), S22-S26.

Boecker, B.B., R. Hall, K. Inn, J. Lawrence, P. Ziemer, G. Eisle, B. Wachholtz, and W. Bunn, Jr. (1991). Current status of bioassay procedures to detect and quantity previous exposures to radioactive materials, Health Phys., 60, 45–100.

Bogen, K.T., T.F. Hamilton, T. A. Brown, R.E. Martinelli, A.A. Marchetti, S.R. Kehl, and R.G. Langston (2006). A Statistical Basis for Interpreting Urinary Excretion of Plutonium Based on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) Data from the Marshall Islands, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA, UCRL-MI-230705.

Brown, T.A., A.A. Marchetti, R.E. Martinelli, C.C. Cox, J.P. Knezovich, and T.F. Hamilton (2004). Actinide Measurements by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Nucl. Instr. Meth. B223-224, 788–793.

Canberra Industries (1998a), Abacos-2000, Canberra Industries, Meriden, CT.

Canberra Industries (1998b), Genie-2000 Spectrometry System, Canberra Industries, Meriden, CT.

Chonkite E.P., V.P. Bond, R.A. Conard, N.R. Shulman, R.S. Farr, S.H. Cohn, C.L. Dunham (1955). Response of human beings accidentally exposed to significant fall-out radiation, JAMA 150, 430-454.

Conard R.A. (1992). Fallout: The experiences of a medical team in care of a Marshallese population accidentally exposed to fallout radiation, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Report BNL-46444, Upton NY.

Daniels, J.I., D.P. Hickman, S.R. Kehl, and T.F. Hamilton (2007), Estimation of Radiation Doses in the Marshall Islands Based on Whole Body Counting of Cesium-137 (137Cs) and Plutonium Urinalysis, Technical Basis Document, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA, UCRL-TR-231680.

Defense Nuclear Agency (1981). The Radiological Cleanup of Enewetak Atoll. Defense Nuclear Agency: Washington DC, 700pp.

DOE (1982). Enewetak Radiological Support Project, NVO-213, United States Department of Energy (DOE), Nevada Operation Office, Nevada, 158 pp.

Greenhouse N.A., P.P. Miltenberger, and E.T. Lessard (1980), Dosimetric results for the Bikini population, Health Phys., 38, 845–851.

Hamilton T.F. (2004). Linking legacies of the cold war to arrival of anthropogenic radionuclides in the oceans through the 20th century , In: Radioactivity in the Environment, Vol. 6, Marine Radioactivity, H.D. Livingston (editor), Elsevier Science, Amsterdam , pp. 30-87.

Hamilton, T., S. Kehl, J. Brunk, F. Gouveia, and W. Robison (2001), Rongelap Resettlement Support—Preliminary Report Part I. In-Situ Gamma Spectrometric Measurements around the Service and Village Area on Rongelap Island , Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA , UCRL-ID-143680-Pt 1.

Hamilton, T.F., T.A. Brown, D.P. Hickman, A.A. Marchetti, R.E. Martinelli, and S.R. Kehl (2004). Low-Level Plutonium Bioassay Measurements at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA, UCRL-MI-232208.

Hamilton, T.F., T.A. Brown, R.E. Martinelli, S.R. Kehl, A.A. Marchetti, S.J. Tumey, and R.G. Langston (2007). Low-Level Detection of Plutonium Isotopes in Bioassay Samples from the Marshall Islands using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Health Phys. (in preparation).

ICRP (1977). International Commission on Radiological Protection, Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP Publication 26, Annuals of the ICRP 3(1-4), Elsevier Science, New York.

ICRP (1991). International Commission on Radiological Protection, 1990 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP Publication 60, Annuals of the ICRP 21(1-3), Elsevier Science, New York.

ISP (2005). Annual Performance Evaluation 2005 Whole Body Count, Intercomparison Studies Program (ISP), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.

Kehl, S.R., T.F. Hamilton, T.M. Jue, D.P. Hickman (2007). Performance Evaluation of Whole Body Counting Facilities in the Marshall Islands (2002-2005), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA, UCRL-TR-229724.

Lessard, E.T., R.P. Miltenburger, S.H. Cohn, S.V. Musolino, and R.A. Conrad (1984). Protacted exposure to fallout: the Rongelap and Utirik experience, Health Phys., 46, 511–527.

Marchetti, A.A., T.A. Brown, J.E. McAninch, J. Brunk, C.C. Cox, R. Martinelli, J.P. Knezovich, and T.F. Hamilton (2002). Measurements of Plutonium Isotopes in Urine at MicroBecquerel Levels: AMS Results of a NIST Interlaboratory Exercise, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA, UCRL-ID-147972.

McAninch J.E., and T.F. Hamilton (1999). Measurements of plutonium and other actinides elements at the Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry: Comparative assessment of competing techniques, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA , UCRL-ID-133118.

McCurdy, D., Z. Lin, K. Inn, R. Bell, S. Wagner, D. Efurd, T. Hamilton, T. Brown, and A. Marchetti (2005). Second Inter-Laboratory comparison Study for the Analysis of 239Pu in Synthetic Urine at the microBecquerel (~100 aCi) Level by Mass Spectrometry, J. Radioanal.  Nuc. Chem., 263(2), 447–455.

Miltenberger, R.P., E.T. Lessard, and N.A. Greenhouse (1981). Cobalt-60 and cesium-137 long-term biological removal rate constants for the Marshalles population, Health Phys., 40, 615-623.

MOU (2002). Memorandum of Understanding by and between the Republic of the Marshall Islands , the Utrōk Atoll Local Government, and the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Safety and Health.

MOU (2000). Memorandum of Understanding by and between the Republic of the Marshall Islands , the Enewetak/Ujelang Atoll Local Government Council, and the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Safety and Health.

MOU (1999). Memorandum of Understanding by and between the Republic of the Marshall Islands , the Rongelap Atoll Local Government, and the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Safety and Health.

National Research Council (2004), Radiological Assessments for Resettlement of Rongelap in the Republic of the Marshall Islands, National Research Council, National Academy Press, Washington DC, 108 pp.

NCRP (2004). Approaches to Risk Management in Remediation of Radioactively Contaminated Sites, National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurement, NCRP Report No. 146, Bethesia, MD 20814, 280 pp.

NRC (1994). U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. “10CRF part 20 Standards for protection against radiation,” Proposed rule, 59 FR 43200, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC.

Robison W.L., and C. Sun (1997). The use of comparative 137Cs body burdens estimates from environmental data/models and whole body counting to evaluate diet models for the ingestion pathway , Health Phys., 73, 152-166.

Robison W.L. and E.L. Stone (1998). The evaluation of critical pathways, radionuclides, and remedial measures for reducing the radiological dose to returning populations at a former nuclear test site, In: Session 17-ER Progress in cleaning up nuclear weapons test sites II, Tucson, AZ; HLW, LLW, Mixed Wastes and Environmental Restoration - Working Towards a Cleaner Environment.

Robison W.L., W.A. Phillips , M.E. Mount, B.R. Clegg and C.L. Conrado (1980). Reassessment of the potential radiological doses for residents resettling Enewetak Atoll, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA , UCRL-53066.

Robison W.L., M.E. Mount, W.A. Phillips, M.L. Stuart, S.E. Thompson, C.L. Conrado, and A.C. Stoker (1982). An updated radiological dose assessment of Bikini and Eneu Islands at Bikini Atoll, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA , UCRL-53225.

Robison W.L., K.T. Bogen and C.L. Conrado (1997a). An updated dose assessment for resettlement options at Bikini Atoll: a U.S. nuclear test site, Health Phys., Vol. 73(1), 100-114.

Robison W.L., V.E. Noshkin, C.L. Conrado, R.J. Eagle, J.L. Brunk, T.A. Jokela, M.E. Mount, W.A. Phillips, A.C. Stoker, M.L. Stuart, S.E. Thompson, and K.M. Wong (1997b). The northern Marshall Islands radiological survey: data and dose assessments, Health Phys., Vol. 73(1), 37–48.

Robison W.L., C.L. Conrado, and K.T. Bogen (1999). Utrōk Atoll Dose Assessment, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore CA , UCRL-LR-135953.

Robison W.L., C.L. Conrado, K.T. Bogen and A.C. Stoker (2003). The effective and environmental half-life of 137Cs at coral islands at the former US nuclear test site , Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 69, 207-223.

Robison W.L., E.L. Stone, T.F. Hamilton and C.L. Conrado (2004). Long-term reduction in 137Cs concentrations in food crops on coral atolls from potassium treatment, J. Environ. Radioactivity, 88, 251-266.

Robison, W.L., T.F. Hamilton, C.L. Conrado, and S. Kehl (2006). Uptake of cesium-137 by leafy vegetables and grains from calcareous soils, In: Proceedings of a final research coordination meeting organized by the Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Chania, Crete, 22-26 September 2003, IAEA-TECHDOC-1497, Classification of soil systems on the basis of transfer factors of radionuclides from soil to reference plants, IAEA June 2006, pp. 179-190.

Sun L.C. and C.B. Meinhold (1997b). Gastrointestinal adsorption of plutonium by the Marshall Islanders, Health Phys., 73(1), 167-175.

Sun L.C., C.B. Meinhold, A.R. Moorthy, J.H. Clinton, and E. Kaplan (1992). Radiological dose assessments in the Northern Marshall Islands (1989-1991), In: Proceedings of the Eighth International Congress of the International Radiation Protection Association (IRPA-8), Vol. II, IRPA, BNL-45868, 1320-1323.

Sun L.C., A.R. Moorthy, E. Kaplan, J.W. Baum and C.B. Meinhold (1995). Assessment of plutonium exposures in Rongelap and Utrōk populations by fission tracks analysis of urine, Applied Radiat. Isotopes, 46, 1259-1269.

Sun L.C., C.B. Meinhold, A.R. Moorthy, E. Kaplan, and J.W. Baum (1997a). Assessment of plutonium exposure in the Enewetak population by urinalysis, Health Phys., 73(1), 127-132.

Sun L.C., J.H. Clinton, E. Kaplan, and C.B. Meinhold (1997b). 137Cs exposure in the Marshallese populations: An assessment based on whole body counting measurements (1989-1994) , Health Phys., 73(1), 86-99.

United States Department of Energy (USDOE) (2000), United States Nuclear Tests: July 1945 through September 1992, United States Department of Energy, Nevada Operations Office, Las Vegas, NV, DOE/NV–209-REV.

United States Department of Energy (USDOE) (2000), United States Nuclear Tests: July 1945 through September 1992, United States Department of Energy, Nevada Operations Office, Las Vegas , NV , DOE/NV–209-REV.

United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) (2000). Sources and effects of ionizing radiation, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation, 2000 Report to the General Assembly with scientific annexes, Volume 1, United Nations Publication E.00.IX.3, United Nations, New York, 2000.

Last Modified: 28-JULY-2021 | LLNL-WEB-506535 | Contact Us
Global Security Directorate | Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Learn about the Department of Energy’s Vulnerability Disclosure Program